pix
FORDMUSCLE.com FordMuscle Nav
by Chirag Asaravala
Our 750 Holley Double Pumper (Holley list no. 8056) after stage 3 modifications by Jet Performance. Note the milled-off choke horn, annular discharge boosters, enlarged and smoothed venturis, and the dichromate coating (internal and external) to prevent pitting.
[view the "before" photo] [view full size]

jet
jet

[view full size]
The choke horn is milled flat to increase and balance air flow between the primaries and secondaries. Also note the holes for the choke linkage are expoxied shut, which will help maintain air pressure in our ram air box. Note the annular discharge boosters (fuel dispersed through eight holes in a ring, rather than the conventional "down" leg booster.)

To increase airflow and reduce turbulence past the base plate, the butterflies are thinned and throttle shafts are machined flat and secured with button head screws. Secondary throttle bores are drilled for curb idle discharge where necessary and transition slots are checked for proper relation with butterflies. The base plate is milled flat to provide a leak free union with the intake manifold.
jet
jet
Float bowls, pump check valves, and fuel passages are inspected and deburred. The stock brass floats are upgraded to solid nitrophyl floats to prevent leaks. The needles and seats were also upgraded to the larger 0.120" size to enable faster recovery of the fuel level after hard launches. Jet modifies the emulsion circuit to match our engine specifications. The air and fuel bleeds shown here were resized. Sean explained to us that this depends a lot on the travel of the flame front in the combustion chambers, which is a factor of engine compression and even head chamber design. A low compression engine like ours he states needs larger, heavier, fuel droplets, while a high compression engine will want smaller fuel droplets.
jet jet
Shown here are the modified annular discharge boosters, originally found on trucks and 85-86 Mustangs fitted with the 575 cfm 4180 Holley carbs. These venturis flow nearly twice as much as the stock down leg venturis. The key benefit to the annular venturis is that they greatly increase signal strength and fuel atomization, enabling much smaller jet sizes and the ability to run a larger cfm carb on a smaller displacement engine -giving the low end feel of a 600 cfm carb with the top end air flow of a 800 cfm carburetor.

Also seen in this photo is the enlarged (0.035") venturi opening. The venturi is smoothed and the parting line from the casting process is eliminated.
On the stage 2 and 3 carbs, Jet spends quite a bit of time on the metering passages to ensure all passages are correctly sized for fuel flow and horsepower requirements. Each metering passage is then "cc'd" to find the one with the largest volume, then the smaller passages are resized to match the largest one. Passages are also deburred to ensure consistent metering.

The mating surface of the metering block is also milled flat. Sean informed us that Holley carbs can be out of true as much as 0.035", leading to air and fuel leaks.
Holley carburetors are a love hate relationship -when they work, you can't praise them enough. The ease of tuning, the throttle respose and top end power makes them superior to other carburetors. But when they don't work, you're ready to pitch them off a cliff. For the past several months we've been on the hate side of our 750 double pumper, which supplies the air/fuel mixture for Project 11.99. The 302 engine has been plagued with poor part throttle driveability and excessive fuel consumption. Cruising at anything under 4000 rpm results in constant sputtering, exhaust backfires, and hesitation. In fact the problem is so bad that driving the car at anything other than wide open throttle had become unbearable. We spent months trying to isolate the problem. Rebuilding the less than three month old 750 didn't help. Tuning it a hundred times and as many jet, shooter, power valve combinations didn't make a difference. In fact it only seemed as if the problem was getting worse. Then we focussed our attention to timing, trying different timing curves,different distributors...no luck. The only clue we had was that the problem all but disappeared when we swapped the carb for a 750 Barry Grant Silver Claw. This indicated to us that the problem was likely to be related to the signal and metering ability of the carb in relation to our engine. Our 302 is a bit odd in that it has relatively low compression (9.4:1) and also an aggressive solid roller cam. Top this off with a single plane intake and large cfm carb, and the vacuum signal to the venturis is nonexistent, resulting in poor idle characteristics, fouled plugs, and poor driveability. Exactly the symptoms we had. The solutions range from trying a four hole spacer to increase signal (but this would create hood clearance problems for us) to simply going with a dual plane manifold and smaller cfm carb. We did not want to solve the problem external to the carb because, frankly, it would mean sacrificing top end power, and would only mask the real problem with the fuel curve.

There are a few modifications we could have tried ourselves, but it seemed risky and frankly we weren't comfortable messing with metering passages. We also didn't want to drop $700 on a prettier off-the-shelf carb, that still wouldn't be tuned for our specific application. Ultimately we wanted the security of a carb that was 100% dialed in to our combination. Looking around the pits and talking to fellow racers, the name "Jet" came up a few times, with glowing recommendations. So on a weekend trip to Los Angeles we dropped of our 750 at Jet Performance in Huntington Beach. We were impressed to learn that Jet's fuel systems division has been in the business of modifying carburetors since 1968, and their carbs can be found under the hoods of the top cars in every type of racing from drag and circle track to road racing.

Sean Murphy in the Jet carb shop immediately had us fill out a information sheet detaling the engine and vehicle specs. All of these things would determine what level of modifications Jet makes to the carburetor. For our 750, Sean determined the stage 3 level of modifications would be needed to dial in the carb to meet our engines demands. Unfortunately our plans to hang around the carb shop and photograph the modification process fell through due to unexpected circumstances. So we ended up leaving the carb with Jet and had them send it back to us when it was finished. We then disassembled the carb and photographed some of the key modifications.


Jet offers three stages of modifications for your carburetor, depending on your application, budget, and desires. What we like about their service is that the mods can be done to your existing carb for reasonable prices, rather than shelling out for a new carb which still won't be dialed in for your specific engine. Jet does sell their own line of new Holley carbs with the modifications below, ranging from $400 to $625 for typical Holley 650 and 750 double pumpers, check their website www.jetchip.com, or call them for more details. We've outlined some of the key modifications for each Stage below:


(~$185)
This stage is basically blueprinting the carburator, and is a good choice if you have a carb you want rebuilt and revived for a stock to mild engine. Jet's experience shows that Holley carbs can have a wide range of manufacturing irregularities which can affect air flow and fuel atomization through the carb. Jet disassembles and cleans the carb. The carb is inspected and adjusted for proper sizing of the idle, transition, acceleration and main metering circuits. Boosters are aligned in the venturi and the throttle bores are aligned for proper seating. All the mating surfaces are milled true, and the floats and gaskets are upgraded. The carb is coated with dichromate to prevent fuel pitting and corrosion, which can affect the metering. The carb is installed and adjusted on a test engine before being shipped back.

(~$225)
At this level the carb receives all of the modifications outlined in Stage 1, plus the fuel metering circuits are inspected, blueprinted and calibrated to match any modifications done to the engine. The choke horn is also milled off, unless the customer specifies they need a choke. This is an ideal level of modifications for street/strip engines with intake, heads, and cam modifications.

(~$325)
Jet performs all of the tweeks found in Stage 1 and 2 carbs, plus modified venturis for greatly increased airflow, modified discharge boosters for increased signal strength and atomization, machines throttle shafts, four corner idle circuits, fully modified metering blocks, and high flow needle and seats. This is the choice level if you've got a strip engine like ours, which may have some finicky characteristics (low compression and displacement, high power band, large duration cam, etc. )


Results:

The first thing we noticed when we got the 750 back was that the jetting and the shooters were no where near the sizes we had been running. On the stock 750 we had set primary and secondary jet sizes to 73 and 78 respectively, with "40" shooters for both front and rear. Jet replaced the jets with 67's in the primary and 76 in the secondary. The shooters were seemingly way too low at 31 squared. Our initial reaction was, "great, we'll need to dial in the jetting and shooters all over again." Wrong! Road testing the car was an awesome experience, every throttle position felt smooth and crisp. Previously I'd cringe and hesitate while accelerating from part throttle because the engine would sputter as if it was about to backfire out the carb. Well this problem was completely gone, the engine can now cruise around at 2500 rpm in 5th gear and not skip a beat. Crack the throttle gradually and it accelerates like it should. It seems as if the fuel curve is tailored perfectly to the engines requirements throughout the rpm range, whereas previously we'd encounter a "dead spot" in the carb from 1800 to around 3000 rpm. We're still experiencing some backfiring upon quick deceleration which is probably timing related.

But the real test of course came at the strip. We brought along a jet kit and bigger shooters expecting to go larger after the first run, but instead we were pleasantly surprised. The car launched hard off the line without bogging, indicating the 31 shooters were perfect, and that the carb was metering much more efficiently requiring less of a pump shot. Less pump shot is beneficial in many ways -it saves fuel, and also prolongs engine life by reducing the amount of raw fuel in the cylinders, which washes and dilutes the oil off the rings. We decided to leave the jetting alone and run the carb as Jet set it up. For most of the night it seemed we were slightly rich for the 80 deg. balmy night. After the sun went down the jetting seemed to catch up with the cooler air, posting our best ever ET at 11.96 @ 115.7 mph, on a 1.69 60ft. Two runs later the car knocked of its best ever 60ft (1.62) and shattered the best 1/8 ET, but apparently Victor got too excited and missed 3rd gear! The 1/8th ET on that run was an outstanding 7.57 seconds, compare that with the 7.69 on the 11.96 run, indicates we were certainly on our way to a mid 11.8 pass. In comparison, our previous best ET with the stock 750 was 12.05 (7.73 - 1/8th). With a Barry Grant Silver Claw 750 the car has run 11.98 (7.69 - 1/8th).

We're very pleased with the results. Our primary purpose was to solve the driveability problems, which we can say has been accomplished. But what really impresses us, and proves that the Jet modified carb meters so much more efficiently, is the reduction in jet and shooter sizes. The carb also performed very well at the track, posting better 60fts and ET's than the stock 750 and Barry Grant Silver Claw, both of which had to be jetted over five jet sizes higher to get optimum ET's. We even estimate the Jet carb to be one or two jet sizes on the rich side, so leaning it out next time out should get the ET's slightly lower. All in all, if you've got an ailing carb, it is definitely worth the money to have Jet modify it exactly to your engines needs.

JET Performance Products
www.jetchip.com
17491 Apex Circle
Huntington Beach, CA 92647
Voice: 714-848-5500
Fax:714-847-6290

pixblue
pixblue
Tech Archives Project Cars Readers Cars Feature Cars