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by
Chirag Asaravala
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Our
750 Holley Double Pumper (Holley
list no. 8056) after stage 3 modifications
by Jet Performance. Note the milled-off choke horn, annular discharge
boosters, enlarged and smoothed venturis, and the dichromate coating
(internal and external) to prevent pitting.
[view
the "before" photo] [view
full size]
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[view
full size]
The choke horn is milled flat to increase and balance air flow between
the primaries and secondaries. Also note the holes for the choke
linkage are expoxied shut, which will help maintain air pressure
in our ram air box. Note the annular discharge boosters (fuel dispersed
through eight holes in a ring, rather than the conventional "down"
leg booster.)
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To increase airflow and reduce turbulence past the base plate, the
butterflies are thinned and throttle shafts are machined flat and
secured with button head screws. Secondary throttle bores are drilled
for curb idle discharge where necessary and transition slots are checked
for proper relation with butterflies. The base plate is milled flat
to provide a leak free union with the intake manifold. |
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Float
bowls, pump check valves, and fuel passages are inspected and deburred.
The stock brass floats are upgraded to solid nitrophyl floats to prevent
leaks. The needles and seats were also upgraded to the larger 0.120"
size to enable faster recovery of the fuel level after hard launches. |
Jet
modifies the emulsion circuit to match our engine specifications.
The air and fuel bleeds shown here were resized. Sean explained to
us that this depends a lot on the travel of the flame front in the
combustion chambers, which is a factor of engine compression and even
head chamber design. A low compression engine like ours he states
needs larger, heavier, fuel droplets, while a high compression engine
will want smaller fuel droplets. |
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Shown
here are the modified annular discharge boosters, originally
found on trucks and 85-86 Mustangs fitted with the 575 cfm 4180
Holley carbs. These venturis flow nearly twice as much as the
stock down leg venturis. The key benefit to the annular venturis
is that they greatly increase signal strength and fuel atomization,
enabling much smaller jet sizes and the ability to run a larger
cfm carb on a smaller displacement engine -giving the low end
feel of a 600 cfm carb with the top end air flow of a 800 cfm
carburetor.
Also seen in this photo is the enlarged (0.035") venturi
opening. The venturi is smoothed and the parting line from the
casting process is eliminated. |
On
the stage 2 and 3 carbs, Jet spends quite a bit of time on the
metering passages to ensure all passages are correctly sized
for fuel flow and horsepower requirements. Each metering passage
is then "cc'd" to find the one with the largest volume,
then the smaller passages are resized to match the largest one.
Passages are also deburred to ensure consistent metering.
The mating surface of the metering block is also milled flat.
Sean informed us that Holley carbs can be out of true as much
as 0.035", leading to air and fuel leaks. |
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Holley carburetors
are a love hate relationship -when they work, you can't praise them enough.
The ease of tuning, the throttle respose and top end power makes them superior
to other carburetors. But when they don't work, you're ready to pitch them
off a cliff. For the past several months we've been on the hate side of
our 750 double pumper, which supplies the air/fuel mixture for Project 11.99.
The 302 engine has been plagued with poor part throttle driveability and
excessive fuel consumption. Cruising at anything under 4000 rpm results
in constant sputtering, exhaust backfires, and hesitation. In fact the problem
is so bad that driving the car at anything other than wide open throttle
had become unbearable. We spent months trying to isolate the problem. Rebuilding
the less than three month old 750 didn't help. Tuning it a hundred times
and as many jet, shooter, power valve combinations didn't make a difference.
In fact it only seemed as if the problem was getting worse. Then we focussed
our attention to timing, trying different timing curves,different distributors...no
luck. The only clue we had was that the problem all but disappeared when
we swapped the carb for a 750 Barry Grant Silver Claw. This indicated to
us that the problem was likely to be related to the signal and metering
ability of the carb in relation to our engine. Our 302 is a bit odd in that
it has relatively low compression (9.4:1) and also an aggressive solid roller
cam. Top this off with a single plane intake and large cfm carb, and the
vacuum signal to the venturis is nonexistent, resulting in poor idle characteristics,
fouled plugs, and poor driveability. Exactly the symptoms we had. The solutions
range from trying a four hole spacer to increase signal (but this would
create hood clearance problems for us) to simply going with a dual plane
manifold and smaller cfm carb. We did not want to solve the problem external
to the carb because, frankly, it would mean sacrificing top end power, and
would only mask the real problem with the fuel curve.
There are a few modifications we could have tried ourselves, but it seemed
risky and frankly we weren't comfortable messing with metering passages.
We also didn't want to drop $700 on a prettier off-the-shelf carb, that
still wouldn't be tuned for our specific application. Ultimately we wanted
the security of a carb that was 100% dialed in to our combination. Looking
around the pits and talking to fellow racers, the name "Jet" came
up a few times, with glowing recommendations. So on a weekend trip to Los
Angeles we dropped of our 750 at Jet Performance in Huntington Beach. We
were impressed to learn that Jet's fuel systems division has been in the
business of modifying carburetors since 1968, and their carbs can be found
under the hoods of the top cars in every type of racing from drag and circle
track to road racing.
Sean Murphy in the Jet carb shop immediately had us fill out a information
sheet detaling the engine and vehicle specs. All of these things would determine
what level of modifications Jet makes to the carburetor. For our 750, Sean
determined the stage 3 level of modifications would be needed to dial in
the carb to meet our engines demands. Unfortunately our plans to hang around
the carb shop and photograph the modification process fell through due to
unexpected circumstances. So we ended up leaving the carb with Jet and had
them send it back to us when it was finished. We then disassembled the carb
and photographed some of the key modifications. |
Jet offers three stages of modifications for your carburetor, depending
on your application, budget, and desires. What we like about their service
is that the mods can be done to your existing carb for reasonable prices,
rather than shelling out for a new carb which still won't be dialed in
for your specific engine. Jet does sell their own line of new Holley carbs
with the modifications below, ranging from $400 to $625 for typical Holley
650 and 750 double pumpers, check their website www.jetchip.com,
or call them for more details. We've outlined some of the key modifications
for each Stage below:
(~$185)
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This
stage is basically blueprinting the carburator, and is a good choice
if you have a carb you want rebuilt and revived for a stock to mild
engine. Jet's experience shows that Holley carbs can have a wide
range of manufacturing irregularities which can affect air flow
and fuel atomization through the carb. Jet disassembles and cleans
the carb. The carb is inspected and adjusted for proper sizing of
the idle, transition, acceleration and main metering circuits. Boosters
are aligned in the venturi and the throttle bores are aligned for
proper seating. All the mating surfaces are milled true, and the
floats and gaskets are upgraded. The carb is coated with dichromate
to prevent fuel pitting and corrosion, which can affect the metering.
The carb is installed and adjusted on a test engine before being
shipped back. |
(~$225)
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At
this level the carb receives all of the modifications outlined in
Stage 1, plus the fuel metering circuits are inspected, blueprinted
and calibrated to match any modifications done to the engine. The
choke horn is also milled off, unless the customer specifies they
need a choke. This is an ideal level of modifications for street/strip
engines with intake, heads, and cam modifications. |
(~$325)
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Jet performs all of the tweeks found in Stage 1 and 2 carbs, plus
modified venturis for greatly increased airflow, modified discharge
boosters for increased signal strength and atomization, machines
throttle shafts, four corner idle circuits, fully modified metering
blocks, and high flow needle and seats. This is the choice level
if you've got a strip engine like ours, which may have some finicky
characteristics (low compression and displacement, high power band,
large duration cam, etc. ) |
Results:
The first thing we noticed when we got the 750 back was that the jetting
and the shooters were no where near the sizes we had been running. On
the stock 750 we had set primary and secondary jet sizes to 73 and 78
respectively, with "40" shooters for both front and rear. Jet
replaced the jets with 67's in the primary and 76 in the secondary. The
shooters were seemingly way too low at 31 squared. Our initial reaction
was, "great, we'll need to dial in the jetting and shooters all over
again." Wrong! Road testing the car was an awesome experience, every
throttle position felt smooth and crisp. Previously I'd cringe and hesitate
while accelerating from part throttle because the engine would sputter
as if it was about to backfire out the carb. Well this problem was completely
gone, the engine can now cruise around at 2500 rpm in 5th gear and not
skip a beat. Crack the throttle gradually and it accelerates like it should.
It seems as if the fuel curve is tailored perfectly to the engines requirements
throughout the rpm range, whereas previously we'd encounter a "dead
spot" in the carb from 1800 to around 3000 rpm. We're still experiencing
some backfiring upon quick deceleration which is probably timing related.
But the real test of course came at the strip. We brought along a jet
kit and bigger shooters expecting to go larger after the first run, but
instead we were pleasantly surprised. The car launched hard off the line
without bogging, indicating the 31 shooters were perfect, and that the
carb was metering much more efficiently requiring less of a pump shot.
Less pump shot is beneficial in many ways -it saves fuel, and also prolongs
engine life by reducing the amount of raw fuel in the cylinders, which
washes and dilutes the oil off the rings. We decided to leave the jetting
alone and run the carb as Jet set it up. For most of the night it seemed
we were slightly rich for the 80 deg. balmy night. After the sun went
down the jetting seemed to catch up with the cooler air, posting our best
ever ET at 11.96 @ 115.7 mph, on a 1.69 60ft. Two runs later the
car knocked of its best ever 60ft (1.62) and shattered the best 1/8 ET,
but apparently Victor got too excited and missed 3rd gear! The 1/8th ET
on that run was an outstanding 7.57 seconds, compare that with the 7.69
on the 11.96 run, indicates we were certainly on our way to a mid 11.8
pass. In comparison, our previous best ET with the stock 750 was 12.05
(7.73 - 1/8th). With a Barry Grant Silver Claw 750 the car has run 11.98
(7.69 - 1/8th).
We're very pleased with the results. Our primary purpose was to solve
the driveability problems, which we can say has been accomplished. But
what really impresses us, and proves that the Jet modified carb meters
so much more efficiently, is the reduction in jet and shooter sizes. The
carb also performed very well at the track, posting better 60fts and ET's
than the stock 750 and Barry Grant Silver Claw, both of which had to be
jetted over five jet sizes higher to get optimum ET's. We even estimate
the Jet carb to be one or two jet sizes on the rich side, so leaning it
out next time out should get the ET's slightly lower. All in all, if you've
got an ailing carb, it is definitely worth the money to have Jet modify
it exactly to your engines needs.
JET
Performance Products
www.jetchip.com
17491 Apex Circle
Huntington Beach, CA 92647
Voice: 714-848-5500
Fax:714-847-6290
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